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Gapter 3: Call Buying 103
is not exact, because it often takes time for an extreme change in sentiment to reflect
itself in a change of direction by the underlying.
Hence, for a strategy such as this, one would want to use an option with a small­
er delta. The investor would limit his risk by using such an option, knowing that large
moves are possible since the position is going to be held for several weeks or perhaps
even a couple of months or more. Therefore, an at-the-money option can be used in
such situations.
I.ONG-TERM TRADING
If one's strategy is even longer-term, an option with a lower delta can be considered.
Such strategies would generally have only vague timing qualities, such as selecting a
stock to buy based on the general fundamental outlook for the company. In the
extreme, it would even apply to "buy and hold" strategies.
Generally, buying out-of-the-money options is not recommended; but for very
long-term strategies, one might consider something slightly out-of-the-money, or at
least a fairly long-term at-the-money option. In either case, that option will have a
lower delta as compared to the options that have been recommended for the other
strategies mentioned above. Alternatively, LEAPS options might be appropriate for
stock strategies of this type.
ADVANCED SELECTION CRITERIA
The criteria presented previously represented elementary techniques for selecting
which call to buy. In actual practice, one is not usually bullish on just one stock at a
time. In fact, the investor would like to have a list of the "best" calls to buy at any
given time. Then, using some method of stock selection, either technical or funda­
mental, he can select three or four calls that appear to offer the best rewards. This
list should be ranked in order of the best potential rewards available, but the con­
struction of the list itself is important.
Call option rankings for buying purposes must be based on the volatilities of the
underlying stocks. This is not easy to do mathematically, and as a result many pub­
lished rankings of calls are based strictly on percentage change in the underlying
stock. Such a list is quite misleading and can lead one to the wrong conclusions.
Example: There are two stocks with listed calls: NVS, which is not volatile, and VVS,
which is quite volatile. Since a call on the volatile stock will be higher-priced than a
call on the nonvolatile stock, the following prices might exist: