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2. Realized Volatility Rises, Implied
Volatility Remains Constant
This chart pattern can develop from a few different market conditions. One
scenario is a one-time unanticipated move in the underlying that is not
expected to affect future volatility. Once the news is priced into the stock,
there is no point in hedgers buying options for protection or speculators
buying options for a leveraged bet. What has happened has happened.
There are other conditions that can cause this type of pattern to
materialize. In Exhibit 14.3 , the IV was trading around 25 for several
months, while the realized volatility was lagging. With hindsight, it makes
perfect sense that something had to give—either IV needed to fall to meet
realized, or realized would rise to meet market expectations. Here, indeed,
the latter materialized as realized volatility had a steady rise to and through
the 25 level in May. Implied, however remained constant.
EXHIBIT 14.3 Realized volatility rises, implied volatility remains
constant.
Source : Chart courtesy of iVolatility.com
Traders who were long volatility going into the May realized-vol rise
probably reaped some gamma benefits. But those who got in “too early,”
buying in January or February, would have suffered too great of theta losses
before gaining any significant profits from gamma. Time decay (theta) can
inflict a slow, painful death on an option buyer. By studying this chart in
hindsight, it is clear that options were priced too high for a gamma scalper
to have a fighting chance of covering the daily theta before the rise in May.