Add training workflow, datasets, and runbook
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Mixing Exposure • 259
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The Gist
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This structure is really much simpler and has a much more straightfor -
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ward investment purpose than it may seem when you look at the preceding
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diagram. When people talk about “taking profits” using a covered call, the
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collar is actually the strategy they should be using.
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Imagine that you bought a stock some time ago and have a nice
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unrealized gain on it. The stock is about where you think its likely fair
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value is, but you do not want to sell it for whatever reason (e.g., it is
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paying a nice dividend or you bought it less than a year ago and do not
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want to be taxed on short-term capital gains or whatever). Although you
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do not want to sell it, you would like to protect yourself from downside
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exposure.
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Y ou can do this cheaply using a collar. The collar is a covered call,
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which we have already discussed, whose income subsidizes the purchase of
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a protective put at some level that will allow you to keep some of the unre-
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alized gains on your securities position. The band labeled “Orange” on the
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diagram shows an unrealized gain (or, conversely, a potential unrealized
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loss). If you buy a put that is within this orange band or above, you will be
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guaranteed of making at least some realized profit on your original stock
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or index investment. Depending on how much you receive for the covered
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call and what strike you select for the protective put, this collar may rep-
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resent completely “free” downside protection or you might even be able to
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realize a net credit.
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Execution
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The execution of this strategy depends a great deal on personal prefer -
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ence and on the individual investor’s situation. For example, an investor
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can sell a short-tenor covered call and use those proceeds to buy a longer-
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tenor protective put. He or she can sell the covered call ATM and buy a
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protective put that is close to ATM; this means the maximum and mini-
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mum potential return on the previous security purchase is in a fairly tight
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band. Conversely, the investor might sell an OTM covered call and buy
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a protective put that is also OTM. This would lock in a wider range of
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guaranteed profits over the life of the option.
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