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Chapter 9: Calendar Spreads 197
reduced to ¼ point. Thus, there is the potential for large profits in bullish calendar
spreads if the underlying stock rallies above the striking price before the longer-term
call expires, provided that the short-term call has already expired worthless.
What chance does the investor have that both ideal conditions will occur? There
is a reasonably good chance that the written call will expire worthless, since it is a
short-term call and the stock is below the striking price to start with. If the stock falls,
or even rises a little - up to, but not above, the striking price the first condition will
have been met. It is the second condition, a rally above the striking price by the
underlying stock before the longer-term expiration date, that normally presents the
biggest problem. The chances of this happening are usually small, but the rewards
can be large when it does happen. Thus, this strategy offers a small probability of
making a large profit. In fact, one large profit can easily offset several losses, because
the losses are small, dollarwise. Even if the stock remains depressed and the July 50
call in the example expires worthless, the loss is limited to the initial debit of¼ point.
Of course, this loss represents 100% of the initial investment, so one cannot put all
his money into bullish calendar spreads.
This strategy is a reasonable way to speculate, provided that the spreader
adheres to the following criteria when establishing the spread:
1. Select underlying stocks that are volatile enough to move above the striking price
within the allotted time. Bullish calendar spreads may appear to be very "cheap"
on nonvolatile stocks that are well below the striking price. But if a large stock
move, say 20%, is required in only a few months, the spread is not worthwhile for
a nonvolatile stock.
2. Do not use options more than one striking price above the current market. For
example, if XYZ were 26, use the 30 strike, not the 35 strike, since the chances
of a rally to 30 are many times greater than the chances of a rally to 35.
3. Do not invest a large percentage of available trading capital in bullish calendar
spreads. Since these are such low-cost spreads, one should be able to follow this
rule easily and still diversify into several positions.
FOLLOW-UP ACTION
If the underlying stock should rally before the near-term call expires, the bullish cal­
endar spreader must never consider "legging" out of the spread, or consider cover­
ing the short call at a loss and attempting to ride the long call. Either action could
turn the initial small, limited loss into a disastrous loss. Since the strategy hinges on