Add training workflow, datasets, and runbook
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Each $1 increase in the stock shows an increase in the call value about
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equal to the average delta value between the two stock prices. If the stock
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were to decline, the delta would get smaller at a decreasing rate.
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As the stock price declines from $60 to $59, the option delta decreases
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from 0.50 to 0.46. There is an average delta of about 0.48 between the two
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stock prices. At $59 the new theoretical value of the call is 2.52. The
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gamma continues to affect the option’s delta and thereby its theoretical
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value as the stock continues its decline to $58 and beyond.
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Puts work the same way, but because they have a negative delta, when
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there is a positive stock-price movement the gamma makes the put delta
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less negative, moving closer to 0. The following example clarifies this.
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As the stock price rises, this put moves more and more out-of-the-money.
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Its theoretical value is decreasing by the rate of the changing delta. At $60,
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the delta is −0.40. As the stock rises to $61, the delta changes to −0.36. The
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average delta during that move is about −0.38, which is reflected in the
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change in the value of the put.
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If the stock price declines and the put moves more toward being in-the-
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money, the delta becomes more negative—that is, the put acts more like a
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short stock position.
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Here, the put value rises by the average delta value between each
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incremental change in the stock price.
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These examples illustrate the effect of gamma on an option without
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discussing the impact on the trader’s position. When traders buy options,
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they acquire positive gamma. Since gamma causes options to gain value at
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