Add training workflow, datasets, and runbook
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716 Part V: Index Options and Futures
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position has become long by using the delta of the options in the strategy. He can
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then use futures or other options in order to make the position more neutral, if he
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wants to.
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Example: Suppose that both unleaded gasoline and heating oil have rallied some and
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that the futures spread has widened slightly. The following information is known:
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Future or Option
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January heating oil futures:
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January unleaded gasoline futures:
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January heating oil 60 call:
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January unleaded gas 62 put:
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Total profit:
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Price
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.7100
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.6300
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11.05
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1.50
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Net
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Change
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+ .055
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+ .045
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+ 4.65
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- 2.75
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Profit/loss
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+$9,765
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- 5,775
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+$3,990
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The futures spread has widened to 8 cents. If the strategist had established the
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spread with futures, he would now have a one-cent ( $420) profit on five contracts, or
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a $2,100 profit. The profit is larger in the option strategy.
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The futures have rallied as well. Heating oil is up 5½ cents from its initial price,
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while unleaded is up 4½ cents. This rally has been large enough to drive the puts out
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of-the-money. When one has established the intermarket spread with options, and
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the futures rally this much, the profit is usually greater from the option spread. Such
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is the case in this example, as the option spread is ahead by almost $4,000.
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This example shows the most desirable situation for the strategist who has
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implemented the option spread. The futures rally enough to force the puts out-of
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the-money, or alternatively fall far enough to force the calls to be out-of-the-money.
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If this happens in advance of option expiration, one option will generally have almost
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all of its time value premium disappear (the calls in the above example). The other
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option, however, will still have some time value ( the puts in the example).
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This represents an attractive situation. However, there is a potential negative,
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and that is that the position is too long now. It is not really a spread anymore. If
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futures should drop in price, the calls will lose value quickly. The puts will not gain
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much, though, because they are out-of-the-money and will not adequately protect
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the calls. At this juncture, the strategist has the choice of taking his profit - closing
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the position - or making an adjustment to make the spread more neutral once again.
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He could also do nothing, of course, but a strategist would normally want to protect
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a profit to some extent.
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